Although the numbers of BBA births are small, studies have shown high perinatal mortality and morbidity associated with being out of hospitals in emergency situation. The neonatal mortality rate of 22 deaths per 1,000 live births indicates that progress remains to be made before Kenya achieves Every Newborn Action Plan's goal of a neonatal mortality rate below 10 deaths per 1,000 live births by 2035. In Kenya, Childhood mortality rates (including neonatal) continue to decline under five 52/1000 live births, infant 39/1000 live births and Neonatal, 22/1000 live births respectively. Reducing incidence of BBA and ensuring skilled attendance at birth is widely acknowledged as key to reducing stillbirths and neonatal deaths. However, 5.2 million deliveries including BBA globally, occur without one in attendance. Up to two thirds of newborn deaths could be prevented if skilled health workers perform effective health measures at birth and during the first week of life. Most of neonatal deaths (73%) occur during the first week of life, around 36% occur within the first 24 hours and this is the time BBA neonates with advance outcome die. The highest numbers of neonatal deaths are in south-central Asian countries and the highest rates are generally in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) where the incidence of BBA is high. Globally, BBA contribute to an estimated 4 million neonates' deaths and a similar number of stillborn annually. If such a rate exists, further investigations and appropriate interventions are merited. The rate of BBAs serves as an index of accessibility to perinatal care a rate greater than 1.5% signals challenges in health care provision. The documentation of BBAs is still lacking in developing countries, developed countries record an incidence between 0.1%-0.3%, which rises exponentially in low income countries to greater that 50% in countries such as India and Ethiopia. Born before arrival babies constitute a high-risk newborn population and have high perinatal mortality and morbidity. These births occur within women's homes, en route to the hospital or in ambulances and are not attended by a midwife or medical officer.

This occurs when a baby is delivered on way to the hospital. The results indicated that marital status (p = 0.023), education level (p = 0.007), monthly income (p = 0.010) and parity (p = 0.006, duration of labor (p = 0.001), mode of previous delivery (p = 0.028), and recognition of onset of labor (p = 0.001), distance to the health facility (p = 0.006), availability of means of transport (p = 0.019), status of the road (p = 0.007) and time of delivery (p = 0.012), ANC attendance (p = 0.011), timing of ANC attendance (p = 0.003), number of ANC visits (p = 0.009),identification for health facility for delivery (p = 0.016), identification for means of transport (p = 0.028), knowledge of signs and symptoms of labor (p = 0.021), knowledge of EDD (p = 0.028), financially prepared for hospital delivery (p = 0.014), and basic supplies for birth (p = 0.010) were significantly associated with BBA.Ĭounty Government, through responsible departments, to use the new knowledge from this study to improve focused antenatal care during the ANC visits, girl child education and economically empower women to reduce or eliminate Socio-demographic risk factors associated with BBA, in order to reduce BBA deliveries.īorn before arrival, NICU, Neonatal mortality, Factors, Pretermīorn before arrival (BBA) is a childbirth that occurs outside health facility. Qualitative data was analyzed by thematic content analysis. Association was considered significant when p-value is equal to 0.05. This was done using Pearson's Chi Square. Bivariate analysis was conducted to examine possible associations between predictor variables and cervical cancer screening uptake.

The study adopted a multistage sampling technique and 122 postnatal mothers were interviewed and data analyzed using Statistic Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 26. Garissa Counties with the highest number of BBA (2%) compared with national (0.9%). BBA neonatal adverse birth outcome prolong hospital stay. BBA constitute a high-risk newborn population and have increased perinatal mortality and morbidity.

Born before arrival (BBA) is a childbirth that occurs outside health facility.

Definition of precipitate labour